Automated analysis device

ABSTRACT

Provided is an automated analysis device with which sufficient reaction process data can be acquired irrespective of the scale of the device, and with which it is possible to ensure freedom of the device configuration. An automated analysis device 100 is provided with: a reaction disk 1 which circumferentially accommodates a plurality of reaction vessels 2; a specimen dispensing mechanism 11 which dispenses a specimen into the reaction vessels 2; a reagent dispensing mechanism 7 which dispenses a reagent into the reaction vessels 2; a measuring unit 4 which measures a reaction process of a mixture of the specimen and the reagent in the reaction vessels 2; and a cleaning mechanism 3 which cleans the reaction vessels 2 after measurement. Further, the automated analysis device 100 includes a controller 21 which controls the drive of the reaction disk 1 such that in one cycle the reaction vessels 2 move by an amount A in the circumferential direction in such a way that N and A are mutually prime, B and C are mutually prime, and the relationship A×B=N×C±1 holds, where N is the total number of reaction vessels 2 accommodated in the reaction disk 1, the reaction disk 1 moves through C (where C&gt;1) rotations+an amount equivalent to one reaction vessel after B (where B&gt;2) cycles, and the number of reaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle is A (where N&gt;A&gt;N/B+1).

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to an automatic analysis device whichanalyzes biological specimens such as blood and urine.

BACKGROUND ART

An automatic analysis device which performs quantitative analysis orqualitative analysis of specific components included in biologicalspecimens such as blood and urine is indispensable for the presentdiagnosis because of the reproducibility of the analysis results and thehigh processing speed.

A measurement method of the automatic analysis device is roughlyclassified into an analysis method (colorimetric analysis) using areagent which reacts with a component to be analyzed in a specimen andchanges the color of a reaction liquid, and an analysis method (immuneanalysis) using a reagent in which a marker is added to a substancewhich specifically binds to a target component directly or indirectly tocount the marker.

In general, the automatic analysis device which performs thecolorimetric analysis is configured such that a plurality of reactionvessels arranged in an annular shape on a rotatable disk are repeatedlyrotated and stopped, and a reaction between the reagent and thebiological specimens such as blood and urine is continuously andcyclically analyzed.

The definition of cycle time in an automatic analysis device generallyrefers to the time from dispensing a specimen for measurement in onereaction vessel to dispensing a specimen in the next reaction vessel.

For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses an automatic analysis devicein which reaction detection tubes are repeatedly moved and all of thereaction detection tubes are used sequentially for analysis, and N±1=A×M(A is an integer of 2 or more) is satisfied, where N is the number of aplurality of reaction detection tubes arranged circumferentially in arotary table, M is the number of the reaction detection tubes moved inone analysis cycle, there is no common factor other than 1 between N andM, and M<N/2 is satisfied. Specifically, when N=15, A=4, and M=4, therotary table moves by one circle+an amount equivalent to one reactiondetection tube after four analysis cycles. In this way, by moving therotary table by one circle+the amount equivalent to one reactiondetection tube through a plurality of cycles, specimens can be dispensedto the reaction detection tubes for a plurality of times during themoving, so that the number of specimens which can be analyzed per unittime can be improved without increasing a rotation speed of the rotarytable. However, as a result, reaction detection tubes moved by onecircle of the rotary table+the amount equivalent to one reactiondetection tube from an original position after the plurality of cycles,so that in the example in which the rotary table moves by one circle+theamount equivalent to one reaction detection tube after four analysiscycles where N=15, A=4, and M=4, any one of the reaction detection tubesis positioned at a specimen discharge (dispensing) position aftermeasurement and cleaning after 4 analysis cycles×15 reaction detectiontubes=60 analysis cycles. That is, the process necessary for the changein absorbance of the reaction liquid may not be obtained when thereaction detection tube can be measured by a light detector only onceevery four analysis cycles, but by performing a first reagent dispensingafter moving one analysis cycle from the specimen dispensing, thereagent can be dispensed to a position adjacent to a first reagentdispensing position, that is, to the reaction detection tube after fouranalysis cycles from the first reagent dispensing, so that the firstreagent dispensing position and a mechanism related thereto areseparated from the specimen dispensing position, and the time forstopping the reaction detection tubes in one cycle can be shortened.Also, cleaning positions of the reaction detection tubes appear to bedispersedly and adjacent to the reaction detection tubes whose reactionliquid is measured and can be cleaned after analysis cycles necessaryfor the rotary table to move by 1 circle+the amount equivalent to 1reaction detection tube, so that the freedom of the configuration of thecleaning mechanism can be ensured.

Patent Literature 2 discloses an automatic analysis device configuredsuch that a first reagent injection position and a second injectionposition are set to be adjacent to each other; a first stirring positionand a second stirring position, at which a reaction liquid which is amixture of the specimen and the reagent is stirred, are set to beadjacent to each other; and a stirring device is provided to be movablebetween the first stirring position and the second stirring position. Inaddition, it is described that a total number of reaction vessels is221, and 112 reaction vessels is moved in one analysis cycle.

PRIOR ART LITERATURE Patent Literature

PTL 1: JP-A-5-164763

PTL 2: JP-A-10-62429

SUMMARY OF INVENTION Technical Problem

However, in the configuration of the automatic analysis device describedin Patent Literature 1, the number of reaction detection tubes moved inone analysis cycle is M<N/2, that is, less than half. In general, sincethe reaction detection tubes are spaced apart from each other at equalintervals in the rotary table, a moving distance of the rotary table inone analysis cycle is also less than ½ rotation, which is advantageousfor improving the processing capacity. Therefore, this method is usedfor a large automatic analysis device with a processing capacity of 1000test/h or more per unit time. However, in this method, since the movingdistance of the rotary table in one analysis cycle is less than ½rotation, the absorbance measurement of the reaction liquid, which isthe mixture of the specimen and the reagent in the light detector, canbe performed only approximately every two analysis cycles at most.Assuming that this method is applied to a small automatic analysisdevice with a processing capacity of 400 test/h per unit time, 400specimens being measured per hour means that one cycle takes 9 seconds.Assuming that the time from the addition of the specimen and the reagentto a certain reaction detection tube to obtaining the measurement resultis 10 minutes, since the movement of the rotary table in one analysiscycle is less than ½ rotation, a measurement number of reactionmeasurement between the specimen and the reagent in the light detectorin 10 minutes is extremely reduced to less than 33 times, and there is apossibility that necessary reaction process data cannot be obtained ifthe movement of the rotary table per analysis cycle is less than ½rotation.

In the configuration of the automatic analysis device described inPatent Literature 2, a reagent pipette and a stirring mechanism can becombined, but since the rotary table moves by an amount equivalent to112 reaction vessels in one analysis cycle with respect to 221 reactionvessels, the rotary table stops at a position moved by 1 rotation+anamount equivalent to 3 reaction vessels after two analysis cycles. Inthis way, a reaction vessel is shifted by three reaction vessels in onerotation, and therefore, the cleaning positions of the reaction vesselsalso appear to be dispersed in the rotary table and not adjacent to thereaction vessels whose reaction liquid is measured and can be cleaned.Therefore, in order to perform a series of cleaning operations by thecleaning mechanism, it is necessary to occupy a large area on the rotarytable as a cleaning area, which may impair the design freedom of theautomatic analysis device.

Therefore, the invention provides the automatic analysis device withwhich sufficient reaction process data can be acquired irrespective ofthe scale of the device, and with which freedom of the deviceconfiguration can be ensured.

Solution to Problem

In order to solve the above problems, an automatic analysis deviceaccording to the invention includes: a reaction disk which accommodatesa plurality of reaction vessels capable of accommodating a dispensedspecimen and reagent such that the reaction vessels are spaced apartfrom each other at predetermined intervals circumferentially; a specimendispensing mechanism which dispenses a predetermined amount of thespecimen into the reaction vessel; a reagent dispensing mechanism whichdispenses a predetermined amount of the reagent into the reactionvessel; a measuring unit which measures a reaction liquid during areaction process and/or after reaction of a mixture of the specimen andthe reagent in the reaction vessel; a cleaning mechanism which cleansthe reaction vessel after measurement; and a controller which controlsdrive of the reaction disk such that in one cycle the reaction vesselsmove by an amount A in a circumferential direction in such a way that Nand A are mutually prime, B and C are mutually prime, and a relationshipA×B=N×C±1 holds, where N is a total number of reaction vesselsaccommodated in the reaction disk, the reaction disk moves through C(where C>1) rotations+an amount equivalent to one reaction vessel afterB (where B>2) cycles, and the number of reaction vessels moved in onecycle is A (where N>A>N/B+1).

Advantageous Effect

According to the invention, it is possible to provide an automaticanalysis device with which sufficient reaction process data can beacquired irrespective of the scale of the device, and with which freedomof the device configuration can be ensured.

Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described abovewill be apparent from the description of the embodiments below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of an automaticanalysis device according to one embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the arrangement of a plurality ofreaction vessels accommodated in a reaction disk which constitutes theautomatic analysis device of a first embodiment according to theembodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of a controller which constitutesthe automatic analysis device of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an analysis process in the automaticanalysis device of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of a controller which constitutesan automatic analysis device of a second embodiment according to anotherembodiment of the invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the arrangement of a plurality ofreaction vessels accommodated in a reaction disk which constitutes theautomatic analysis device of the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the arrangement of the plurality ofreaction vessels accommodated in the reaction disk which constitutesautomatic analysis device of the second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a functional block diagram of a controller which constitutesan automatic analysis device according to a third embodiment accordingto another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the arrangement of a plurality ofreaction vessels accommodated in a reaction disk which constitutes theautomatic analysis device of the third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the arrangement of the plurality ofreaction vessels accommodated in the reaction disk which constitutes theautomatic analysis device of the third embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the arrangement of the plurality ofreaction vessels accommodated in the reaction disk which constitutes theautomatic analysis device of third embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

In the description, the term “specimen” includes both blood or urine ofhospitalized patients or outpatients, and a biological specimen such asblood or urine of a subject in a medical checkup.

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of an automaticanalysis device according to one embodiment of the invention. As shownin FIG. 1, an automatic analysis device 100 is mainly configured by: arack 16 in which a plurality of specimen vessels 15 for accommodatingspecimens are mounted; a specimen transport mechanism 17 whichtransports the rack 16 to a desired position; a reaction disk 1 whichaccommodates a plurality of reaction vessels 2 spaced apart from eachother at predetermined intervals along a circumferential direction(circumferentially); a reagent disk 9 which accommodates a plurality ofreagent bottles 10 accommodating various reagents along acircumferential direction (circumferentially); a specimen dispensingmechanism 11 which dispenses a predetermined amount of specimen in thespecimen vessel 15 into the reaction vessel 2; a reagent dispensingmechanism 7 which dispenses a predetermined amount of reagent in thereagent bottle 10 into the reaction vessel 2; a stirring mechanism 5which stirs and mixes the dispensed specimen and reagent in the reactionvessel 2; a measuring unit 4 which measures a reaction process of amixture of the specimen and the reagent in the reaction vessel 2 and areaction liquid after reaction; a cleaning mechanism 3 which cleans thereaction vessel 2 after measurement; and a controller 21 which controlsthese operations.

In addition, the reagent dispensing mechanism 7 disposed between thereaction disk 1 and the reagent disk 9 includes a reagent nozzle 7 a,and a reagent pump 18 a is connected to the reagent nozzle 7 a. Here, asyringe pump, for example, is used as the reagent pump 18 a. Thespecimen dispensing mechanism 11 disposed between the reaction disk 1and the specimen transport mechanism 17 and capable of rotating in acircular arc shape and moving vertically includes a specimen dispensingnozzle 11 a. A specimen pump 18 c is connected to the specimen nozzle 11a. The specimen nozzle 11 a moves while drawing a circular arc around arotation axis of the specimen dispensing mechanism 11, and sucks aspecimen from the specimen vessel 15 or the reaction vessel 2, anddischarges the specimen to another reaction vessel 2 on the reactiondisk 1 so as to dispense the specimen. Here, a syringe pump, forexample, is used as the specimen pump 18 c.

The measuring unit 4 includes a light source (not shown) disposed insidethe reaction disk 1, and a spectrophotometer disposed opposite to thelight source so as to sandwich the reaction vessel 2, detectstransmitted light obtained by irradiation light emitted from the lightsource (not shown) transmitting through the reaction liquid which is themixture of the specimen and the reagent in the reaction vessel 2, andmeasures an absorbance. In the measuring unit 4, the absorbance is notlimited to be measured by the spectrophotometer, and, for example, adetector which detects transmitted light and scattered light may be usedinstead of the spectrophotometer.

The stirring mechanism 5 includes, for example, a stirring blade or aspatula rod (not shown) provided at a tip end, and infiltrates thestirring blade or the spatula rod (not shown) into the reaction liquidwhich is the mixture of the specimen and the reagent in the reactionvessel 2 and rotates the stirring blade or the spatula rod to stir.

A cleaning pump 20 and a vacuum pump 22 are connected to the cleaningmechanism 3. A cleaning tank 13 for cleaning the reagent nozzle 7 a ofthe reagent dispensing mechanism 7 is disposed between the reaction disk1 and the reagent disk 9. A cleaning tank 30 for cleaning the specimennozzle 11 a of the specimen dispensing mechanism 11 is disposed betweenthe reaction disk 1 and the specimen transport mechanism 17, and acleaning tank 32 for cleaning the stirring blade or the spatula rod (notshown) of the stirring mechanism 5 is disposed between the reaction disk1 and the stirring mechanism 5 to prevent contamination.

The reaction disk 1 is rotationally driven by, for example, a steppingmotor or a pulse motor (not shown). The controller 21 described belowoutputs a control signal (control command) to the stepping motor or thepulse motor (not shown) to rotationally drive the reaction disk 1 suchthat the reaction vessels 2 move by an amount A in one cycle, in otherwords, a pitch number of every cycle is A, in such a way that therelationship A×B=N×C±1 holds, where N is a total number of reactionvessels 2 accommodated in the reaction disk 1, the reaction disk 1 movesthrough C (where C>1) rotations±an amount equivalent to one reactionvessel after B (where B>2) cycles, and the number of reaction vessels 2moved in one cycle is A (where N>A>N/B+1). The total number N of thereaction vessels 2 and the number A of reaction vessels 2 moved in onecycle are mutually prime, and B and C are mutually prime.

Hereinafter, as shown in FIG. 1, the case where the automatic analysisdevice includes the rack 16 in which a plurality of the specimen vessels15 for accommodating the specimens are mounted and the specimentransport mechanism 17 which transports the rack 16 to the desiredposition is described as an example, but the invention is not limitedthereto. For example, the plurality of the specimen vessels 15 may beaccommodated along the circumferential direction (circumferentially) onthe specimen disk, or a specimen disk which accommodates the pluralityof the specimen vessels 15 along the circumferential direction of aninner circumferential side and an outer circumferential side in aconcentric circular shape may be used.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described withreference to the drawings.

First Embodiment

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the arrangement of a plurality ofreaction vessels accommodated in a reaction disk which constitutes theautomatic analysis device of a first embodiment according to theembodiment of the invention. In FIG. 2, the indication of the controller21 shown in FIG. 1 is omitted. As shown in the upper drawing of FIG. 2,in an automatic analysis device 100 of the present embodiment, 28reaction vessels 2-1 to 2-28 are accommodated in the reaction disk 1while being spaced apart from each other at predetermined intervalsalong a circumferential direction (circumferentially). As shown by anarrow, the reaction disk 1 is repeatedly rotated and stopped by 17reaction vessels 2 clockwise in one cycle, 17×5=85 for the reactionvessels 2 in five cycles, that is, the total number of reaction vessels2 which is 28×3 circles+an amount equivalent to one reaction vessel2=85, and the reaction disk 1 is stopped at a position moving through 3rotations+an amount equivalent to one reaction vessel 2 after fivecycles. In the description, when referring to a specific reaction vesselaccommodated in the reaction disk 1, any one of the reaction vessels 2-1to 2-28 is used, and when referring to any reaction vessel or thereaction vessel generically, the reaction vessel 2 is used. One cycle isdefined as the time from the specimen dispensing mechanism 11 dispensinga specimen for measurement from the specimen vessel 15 into one reactionvessel 2, the reaction disk 1 being rotated and stopped, to the time thespecimen being dispensed into the next reaction vessel 2. Therefore, inthe example shown in the upper drawing of FIG. 2, since the position atwhich the specimen is dispensed from the specimen vessel 15 into thereaction vessel 2 by the specimen dispensing mechanism 11 is a specimendischarge position 41, at the time point after 5 cycles, the specimenfor measurement from the specimen vessel 15 is dispensed by the specimendispensing mechanism 11 into the reaction vessel 2-1, the reactionvessel 2-12, the reaction vessel 2-23, the reaction vessel 2-6, and thereaction vessel 2-17. By repeating the above operation, the reactionvessel returns to the same position after 28 cycles. The total number 28of reaction vessels 2 and the number 17 of reaction vessels 2 moved inone cycle are mutually prime, and a number of cycles 5 after which thereaction vessel 2 is shifted by an amount of ±1 from an originalposition and the number of revolutions (number of rotations) 3 thereaction disk 1 rotates during this time are also mutually prime. Thatis, N and A are mutually prime, B and C are mutually prime, and theabove relationship A×B=N×C±1 holds, where the total number N of thereaction vessels 2 accommodated in the reaction disk 1 is 28, the numberA (where N>A>N/B+1) of reaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle is 17, andthe reaction disk 1 moves through C (where C>1) rotations (3rotations)±an amount equivalent to one reaction vessel after B (whereB>2) cycles (5 cycles).

In the upper drawing of FIG. 2, the numbers shown in parentheses in anouter peripheral side of the reaction disk 1, that is, [1] to [28] arenumbers indicating at which position the reaction vessel 2-1 stops incycles [1] to [28] when the reaction vessel 2-1 into which the specimenis dispensed at the specimen discharge position 41 by the specimendispensing mechanism 11 is used as the reaction vessel of cycle [1]. Aspecimen suction position 42 is a position where a pretreated specimenis sucked from the reaction vessel 2 by the specimen dispensingmechanism 11; a first reagent discharge position 43 by the reagentdispensing mechanism 7; a second reagent discharge position 44 by thereagent dispensing mechanism 7; a first stirring position 45 is aposition where the reaction liquid, which is a mixture of the specimenand the first reagent in the reaction vessel 2 after the first reagentis discharged, is stirred by the stirring mechanism 5; a second stirringposition 46 is a position where the reaction liquid, which is a mixtureof the specimen and the first reagent and a second reagent in thereaction vessel 2 after the second reagent is discharged, is stirred bythe stirring mechanism 5; and an absorbance measurement position 47 is aposition where absorbance of the reaction liquid is measured by thespectrophotometer as the measuring unit 4. In addition, the lowerdrawing of FIG. 2 schematically shows the reaction disk 1 in the upperdrawing of FIG. 2, assuming that a position number of reaction vessel is1 when a specimen dispensing (discharge) position is 1, [1] shows areaction progress cycle when the specimen dispensing (discharge)position is 1, and represents that it is a 1st cycle.

As shown in the upper drawing and the lower drawing of FIG. 2, whenfocusing on the reaction vessel 2-1, a predetermined amount of specimenis dispensed from the specimen vessel 15 into the reaction vessel 2-1 bythe specimen dispensing mechanism 11 in the 1st cycle (cycle [1]). Next,in a 2nd cycle (cycle [2]), a predetermined amount of the first reagentis dispensed into the reaction vessel 2-1, to which the predeterminedamount of specimen is already dispensed, by the reagent dispensingmechanism 7. In a 3rd cycle (cycle [3]), the reaction vessel 2-1 passesthrough the absorbance measurement position 47 during the reactionvessel 2-1 accommodating the reaction liquid which is a mixture of thespecimen and the first reagent moves to the first stirring position 45.At this time, the absorbance at the absorbance measurement position 47is measured by the spectrophotometer as the measuring unit 4. At thefirst stirring position 45, the reaction liquid which is mixture of thespecimen and the first reagent in the reaction vessel 2-1 is stirred andmixed by the stirring mechanism 5, and the reaction vessel 2-1 moves toa 4th cycle (cycle [4]). At this time, when the reaction vessel 2-1passes through the absorbance measurement position 47, the absorbance atthe absorbance measurement position 47 is measured by thespectrophotometer as the measuring unit 4. In a 6th cycle (cycle [6]),the reaction vessel 2-1 moves to the specimen suction position 42 andstops. Also during this time, the absorbance at the absorbancemeasurement position 47 is measured by the spectrophotometer as themeasuring unit 4. Thereafter, the reaction vessel 2-1 sequentially movesuntil a 28th cycle (cycle [28]), and in the 28th cycle, the reactionvessel 2-1 is cleaned by the cleaning mechanism 3, and after that, thereaction vessel 2-1 moves to the 1st cycle (cycle [1]) again which isthe specimen discharge position 41.

FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the controller 21 whichconstitutes the automatic analysis device 100. FIG. 4 is a diagramillustrating an analysis process in the automatic analysis device 100.In FIG. 4, a horizontal axis represents cycles [1] to [28], and theanalysis process performed in each cycle is illustrated.

First, as shown in FIG. 3, the controller 21 includes an input unit 211,an input I/F 212, a measured value acquisition unit 213, a specimendispensing mechanism control unit 214, a reagent dispensing mechanismcontrol unit 215, a storage unit 216, a specimen transport mechanismcontrol unit 217, a reaction disk rotation control unit 218, a stirringmechanism control unit 219, a cleaning mechanism control unit 220, ananalysis item concentration calculation unit 221, an output unit 222,and an output I/F 223. These units are connected to one another via aninternal bus 224. The measured value acquisition unit 213, the specimendispensing mechanism control unit 214, the reagent dispensing mechanismcontrol unit 215, the specimen transport mechanism control unit 217, thereaction disk rotation control unit 218, the stirring mechanism controlunit 219, the cleaning mechanism control unit 220, and the analysis itemconcentration calculation unit 221 are realized by, for example, aprocessor such as a central processing unit (CPU) (not shown), a ROMstoring various programs, a RAM temporarily storing data of calculationprocess, and a storage device such as an external storage device; theprocessor such as the CPU reads and executes various programs stored inthe ROM, and stores the calculation result, which is the executionresult, in the RAM or the external storage device. In the presentembodiment, for convenience of description, the measured valueacquisition unit 213, the specimen dispensing mechanism control unit214, the reagent dispensing mechanism control unit 215, the specimentransport mechanism control unit 217, the reaction disk rotation controlunit 218, the stirring mechanism control unit 219, the cleaningmechanism control unit 220, and the analysis item concentrationcalculation unit 221 are shown indifferent functional books, but afunctional block as a control unit of any desired combination of theseunits may be configured to execute a plurality of programs for realizingeach function of the control unit.

The input unit 211 is configured by, for example, a pointing device, akeyboard, or a tablet. Parameters such as the type of the specimen, ananalysis item, a dispensing amount (liquid amount) of the specimen and areagent according to the analysis item, and the number A (whereN>A>N/B+1) of the reaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle or the number ofcycles B (where B>2) described above are set in advance by an uppercontroller (not shown), and are stored in a predetermined storage areaof the storage unit 216. The parameters stored in the storage unit 216may be changed by a user (examination engineer) via the input unit 211.In this case, when the input unit 211 receives a change in the parameterdescribed above, the changed parameter is stored in a predeterminedstorage area of the storage unit 216 via the input I/F 212 and theinternal bus 224. In addition, the number A (where N>A>N/B+1) of thereaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle or the number of cycles B (whereB>2) is transferred to the reaction disk rotation control unit 218 viathe internal bus 224.

Based on the number A (where N>A>N/B+1) of the reaction vessels 2 movedin one cycle or the number of cycles B (where B>2) transferred via theinternal bus 224 and the total number N of the reaction vessels 2accommodated in the reaction disk 1 which is already known, where therelationship A×B=N×C±1 is satisfied, N and A are mutually prime, and Band C are mutually prime, the reaction disk rotation control unit 218obtains C and A or B. Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the total number N ofthe reaction vessels 2 accommodated in the reaction disk 1 is 28, and itis obtained that the number A (where N>A>N/B+1) of reaction vessels 2moved in one cycle is 17, the number of cycles B (where B>2) is 5, andthe number of rotations C (where C>1) is 3. The reaction disk rotationcontrol unit 218 stores the number A of the reaction vessel 2 moved inone cycle, the number of cycles B, and the number of rotations Cobtained above in the storage unit 216. In addition, the reaction diskrotation control unit 218 outputs a control signal (control command)corresponding to 17 which is the obtained number A (where N>A>N/B+1) ofthe reaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle, that is, a pitch number 17,to a stepping motor or a pulse motor which rotationally drives thereaction disk 1 via the output I/F 223 every cycle.

The measured value acquisition unit 213 acquires the measured value ofthe absorbance measured by the spectrophotometer as the measuring unit4, performs processing such as AD conversion and/or smoothing (noiseremoval), and stores the measured value in a predetermined storage areaof the storage unit 216 via the internal bus 224.

In addition to the type of the specimen, the analysis item, thedispensing amount (liquid amount) of the specimen and the reagentaccording to the analysis item, the number A of the reaction vessels 2moved in one cycle, the number of cycles B and the number of rotations Cobtained by reaction disk rotation control unit 218, and the measuredvalue of absorbance after processing such as the AD conversion and/orthe smoothing (noise removal) by the measured value acquisition unit 213described above, the storage unit 216 stores a calibration curve showingthe relationship between the absorbance set in advance and aconcentration value of the analysis item.

The specimen transport mechanism control unit 217 outputs a controlsignal (control command) to the specimen transport mechanism 17 via theoutput I/F 223, so that the rack 16, on which a plurality of thespecimen vessels 15 accommodating the specimen is mounted, istransported to a position (desired position) where the suction by thespecimen dispensing mechanism 11 can be performed.

The specimen dispensing mechanism control unit 214 accesses the storageunit 216, reads the type of the specimen, the analysis item, thedispensing amount (liquid amount) of the specimen according to theanalysis item, and outputs a stroke amount of a syringe pumpcorresponding to the dispensing amount (liquid amount) of the specimento the specimen pump 18 c connected to the specimen dispensing mechanism11 via the output I/F 223 as the control signal (control command). Inaddition, the specimen dispensing mechanism control unit 214 performscontrol so that the specimen nozzle 11 a which constitutes the specimendispensing mechanism 11 is operated to draw a circular arc toward thespecimen vessel 15 to suck a predetermined amount of specimen, and thento draw a circular arc toward the reaction vessel 2 to discharge thespecimens.

The reagent dispensing mechanism control unit 215 accesses the storageunit 216, reads a dispensing amount (liquid amount) of the first reagentand the second reagent according to the analysis item, and outputs astroke amount of the syringe pump corresponding to the dispensing amount(liquid amount) of the first reagent and the second reagent to thespecimen pump 18 a connected to the reagent dispensing mechanism 7 viathe output I/F 223 as the control signal (control command). In addition,the reagent dispensing mechanism control unit 215 performs control sothat the reagent nozzle 7 a which constitutes the reagent dispensingmechanism 7 is operated to draw an circular arc toward the reagentbottle 10 to suck a predetermined amount of the first reagent or thesecond reagent, and then to draw a circular arc toward a reaction vessel2 positioned at the first reagent discharge position 43 to discharge thefirst reagent, and toward a reaction vessel 2 positioned at the secondreagent discharge position 44 to discharge the second reagent.

The stirring mechanism control unit 219 outputs a control signal(control command) to the stirring mechanism 5 via the output I/F 223 soas to stir, with a predetermined stirring intensity, the reaction liquidwhich is the mixture of the specimen and the first reagent, or thereaction liquid which is a mixture of the specimen, the first reagentand the second reagent in the reaction vessel 2 positioned at the firststirring position 45 or the second stirring position 46.

The analysis item concentration calculation unit 221 accesses thestorage unit 216 to obtain the concentration value of the analysis itemof the specimen based on the measured value of absorbance and thecalibration curve, and outputs the obtained concentration value of theanalysis item of the specimen to the output unit 222 configured by adisplay device or a printer.

The cleaning mechanism control unit 220 outputs a drive command to thecleaning pump 20 and the vacuum pump 22 connected to the cleaningmechanism 3 via the output I/F 223 as the control signal, so that thereaction liquid in the reaction vessel 2 accommodating the reactionliquid that has been measured is sucked by the vacuum pump 22, and thereaction vessel 2 is cleaned by the cleaning pump 20.

Next, the analysis process performed in each cycle will be described. Asshown in FIG. 4, in the 1st cycle (cycle [1]), dispensing is performedby the specimen dispensing mechanism 11 on a reaction vessel 2 stoppedat the specimen discharge position 41, for example, the reaction vessel2-1 in FIG. 2, based on a type of the specimen, an analysis item, and adispensing amount (liquid amount) of the specimen according to theanalysis item from the specimen dispensing mechanism control unit 214(FIG. 3) which constitutes the controller 21. After the specimendispensing is finished, the reaction disk 1 moves by an amountequivalent to 17 reaction vessels 2 clockwise based on the controlsignal (control command) from the reaction disk rotation control unit218 (FIG. 3) which constitutes the controller 21, and stops at the firstreagent discharge position 43. In cycle [2] (2nd cycle), the reagentdispensing mechanism 7 sucks a dispensing amount (liquid amount) of thefirst reagent according to the analysis item from the reagent dispensingmechanism control unit 215 (FIG. 3) which constitutes the controller 21from the reagent bottle 10 accommodated in the reagent disk 9. Then, thereagent dispensing mechanism 7 discharges the first reagent to thereaction vessel 2-1 positioned at the first reagent discharge position43. After the reagent is discharged, the reaction disk 1 moves by theamount equivalent to 17 reaction vessels 2 clockwise based on thecontrol signal (control command) from the reaction disk rotation controlunit 218 (FIG. 3), and stops at the first reagent stirring position 45.At this time, the reaction vessel 2-1 passes through the absorbancemeasurement position 47 where the spectrophotometer is disposed as themeasuring unit 4, and the absorbance of the reaction liquid, which isthe mixture of the specimen and the first reagent, is measured, and themeasured value of the absorbance is stored in a predetermined storagearea of the storage unit 216 which constitutes the controller 21. In thesubsequent cycles, each time the reaction vessel 2-1 passes through theabsorbance measurement position 47, a measured value of the absorbanceof the reaction liquid, which is the mixture of the specimen and thefirst reagent, is stored in the storage unit 216 of the controller 21.

In cycle [3] (3rd cycle), the specimen and the first reagentaccommodated in the reaction vessel 2-1 stopped at the first stirringposition 45 are stirred based on the predetermined stirring intensityfrom the stirring mechanism control unit 219 which constitutes thecontroller 21, and after the stirring, the reaction disk 1 moves by theamount equivalent to 17 reaction vessels 2 clockwise based on thecontrol signal (control command) from the reaction disk rotation controlunit 218 (FIG. 3). The reaction disk 1 is repeatedly rotated andstopped, and the reaction vessel 2-1 is stopped at the specimen suctionposition 42 adjacent to the specimen discharge position 41 in cycle [6](6th cycle). When the analysis item is an analysis item in whichpretreatment of blood cells is necessary before measurement, forexample, as in hemoglobin A1c measurement, the specimen dispensingmechanism 11 can suck the pretreated specimen from the specimen suctionposition 42 and discharge the pretreated specimen to the reaction vessel2-28 stopped at the specimen discharge position 41 adjacently, so as toanalyze this pretreated specimen. For an analysis item in which thepretreatment is not necessary and the second reagent needs to be addedin the specimen, the reaction vessel 2-1 stops at the second reagentdischarge position 44 in cycle [12] (12th cycle). The reagent dispensingmechanism 7 sucks the dispensing amount (liquid amount) of the secondreagent from the reagent dispensing mechanism control unit 215 from thereagent bottle 10 accommodated in the reagent disk 9, and discharges thesecond reagent to the reaction vessel 2-1 positioned at the secondreagent dispensing position 44. After the second reagent is discharge,in cycle [13] (13th cycle), the reaction disk 1 moves by the amountequivalent to 17 reaction vessels 2 clockwise based on the controlsignal (control command) from the reaction disk rotation control unit218 (FIG. 3), and stops at the second stirring position 46. Thespecimen, the first reagent and the second reagent accommodated in thereaction vessel 2-1 positioned at the second stirring position 46 arestirred by the stirring mechanism 5 based on the predetermined stirringintensity from the stirring mechanism control unit 219, and after thestirring, the reaction disk 1 moves by an amount equivalent to 17reaction vessels 2 clockwise based on the control signal (controlcommand) from the reaction disk rotation control unit 218 (FIG. 3). Theanalysis is completed at cycle [18] (18th cycle), and from cycle [19](19th cycle), measurement by the spectrophotometer as the measuring unit4 is not performed, and the automatic analysis device 100 can clean thereaction vessel 2-1.

As shown in the upper drawing of FIG. 2, from the distribution of, forexample, the reaction vessel 2-1, it can be seen that the reaction disk1 is divided into B, and in the present embodiment, divided into 5 sincethe number of cycles B is 5, based on stop positions of the reactionvessel 2-1 in cycle [1] to cycle [5] (1st to 5th cycles), and thereaction vessel 2-1 in cycle [1] to cycle [5] (1st to 5th cycles) movesto the adjacent position in a clockwise direction after every B cycles(five cycles in the present embodiment). For example, as shown in theupper drawing of FIG. 2, in a rotational direction of the reaction disk1 (clockwise direction), the reaction vessel 2-1 in cycle [6] after fivecycles is positioned adjacently to the position of the reaction vessel2-1 in cycle [1] (1st cycle) by one position advanced, and further, thereaction vessel 2-1 in cycle [11] after five more cycles is arrangedadjacently to the position of the reaction vessel 2-1 in cycle [6] byone position advanced. Similarly, in a rotational direction of thereaction disk 1 (clockwise direction), the reaction vessel 2-1 in cycle[8] after five cycles is positioned adjacently to the position of thereaction vessel 2-1 in cycle [3] (3rd cycle) by one position advanced,and further, the reaction vessel 2-1 in cycle [13] after five morecycles is adjacently arranged to the position of the reaction vessel 2-1in cycle [8] by one position advanced. This applies not only to thereaction vessel 2-1 but also to the reaction vessels 2-2 to 2-28.

As shown in the lower drawing of FIG. 2, it can be seen that reactionvessels (shown by a black circle in the drawing) that can be cleanedfrom cycle [19] (19th cycle) are also arranged in five divided blocks.Specifically, assuming that two cycles are needed to clean the reactionvessel 2 by the cleaning mechanism 3, as shown in the lower drawing ofFIG. 2, it is possible to arrange the cleaning mechanism 3 at a positionwhere it is easy to lay out from among the adjacent cycle [21] and cycle[26] in a first block, the adjacent cycle [23] and cycle [28] in a thirdblock, the cycle [20] and cycle [25] in a fifth block, the adjacentcycle [22] and cycle [27] in a second block, and the adjacent cycle [19]and cycle [24] in a fourth block. That is, the adjacent positions wherethe reaction vessel can be cleaned by the cleaning mechanism 3 in twocycles apart by five cycles are substantially uniformly dispersed at Bplaces (five places), so that an installation position of the cleaningmechanism 3 can be selected from the B places (five places), andtherefore, it is very advantageous in considering the optimum layout.

In the present embodiment, as shown in the upper diagram of FIG. 2 andFIG. 4, the cleaning mechanism 3 is disposed at the position of cycle[23] at which the reaction vessel 2-1 is positioned at a 23rd cycle andthe position of cycle [28] at which the reaction vessel 2-1 ispositioned at a 28th cycle, so as to clean the reaction vessel 2-1.

As described above, when the automatic analysis device 100 of thepresent embodiment is used, the relationship A×B=N×C±1 is satisfied,where a rotation angle of the reaction disk 1 in one analysis cycle (onecycle), that is, the number of the reaction vessels 2 moved in one cycleis A (where N>A>N/B+1), N is a total number of reaction vessels 2accommodated in the reaction disk 1, and the reaction disk 1 movesthrough C (where C>1) rotations+an amount equivalent to one reactionvessel after B (where B>2) cycles, and the total number N of reactionvessels 2 and the number A of reaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle aremutually prime, and B and C are mutually prime; and the number A ofreaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle can be freely set according to thescale of the automatic analysis device. In this embodiment, one set ofN=28, A=17, B=5, and C=3 is shown as a combination in which therelationship A×B=N×C±1 is satisfied, N and A are mutually prime, and Band C are mutually prime, but the invention is not limited thereto. Forexample, when N=128, A=77, B=5, and C=3, A×B=385, N×C+1=385, and therelationship A×B=N×C±1 is satisfied. When N=128, A=51, B=5, and C=2,A×B=255, N×C−1=255, and the relationship A×B=N×C±1 is satisfied.Further, when N=28, A=11, B=5, and C=2, A×B=55, N×C−1=55, and therelationship A×B=N×C±1 is satisfied. When N=55, A=41, B=4, and C=3,A×B=164, N×C−1=164, and the relationship A×B=N×C±1 is satisfied. In thisway, there are innumerable combinations satisfy the relationshipA×B=N×C±1, where the number of reaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle isA (where N>A>N/B+1), the total number of reaction vessels 2 accommodatedin the reaction disk 1 is N, the reaction disk 1 moves through C (whereC>1) rotations+an amount equivalent to one reaction vessel after B(where B>2) cycles, and the total number N of reaction vessels 2 and thenumber A of reaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle are mutually prime,and B and C are mutually prime. In addition, as described above, areaction vessel is always adjacent to the reaction vessel after ±Bcycles. Accordingly, a reaction vessel after the analysis is alsopositioned adjacently to the reaction vessel after every B cycles, andthe series of cleanable continuous reaction vessels are substantiallyuniformly dispersed at B places on the reaction disk, so that the Bplaces can be selected as the installation position of the cleaningmechanism, and therefore, it is very advantageous in considering theoptimum layout.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, one reagent dispensing mechanism7 and one stirring mechanism 5 are disposed from the viewpoint of usinga unit for a small automatic analysis device, and in this case, duringthe stop of the reaction disk 1, the reagent dispensing mechanism 7 mustdischarge the first reagent and the second reagent to the respectivereaction vessels 2 stopped at the first reagent discharge position 43and the second reagent discharge position 44. Similarly, during the stopof the reaction disk 1, the stirring mechanism 5 must stir the reactionliquid accommodated in the respective reaction vessels 2 stopped at thefirst stirring position 45 and the second stirring position 46.Therefore, in order to improve the processing capacity, it is effectiveto use a plurality of reagent dispensing mechanisms and stirringmechanisms to shorten the time when the reaction disk 1 is stopped. Asfor the specimen dispensing mechanism 11, for example, it is alsopossible to divide the specimen dispensing mechanism by the differencebetween the specimen such as whole blood, which has a relatively highviscosity and requires time for specimen suction, and the specimen suchas ordinary serum, to cope with high processing capacity.

Also, for a specimen that needs to be pretreated and re-dispensed toanother reaction vessel, in a related method in which the reaction disk1 moves through one rotation+an amount equivalent to one reaction vesselin one cycle, for example, since the specimen subjected to thepretreatment moves away from the specimen discharge position 41 by onereaction vessel every one cycle, it becomes difficult to access thespecimen discharge position 41 and the specimen suction position 42 byone specimen dispensing mechanism 11 in order to ensure the time untilthe reagent and the specimen are mixed and the pretreatment becomesstable.

In contrast, according to the automatic analysis device 100 of thepresent embodiment, since other reaction vessels are continuouslyarranged from the specimen discharge position 41 every B cycles, it issuitable to suck the pretreated specimen from the reaction vessel 2 nearthe specimen discharge position 41 at an appropriate timing. The processcan also be realized in a method disclosed in the related PatentLiterature 1, in which N±1=A×M (A is an integer of 2 or more) issatisfied where the number of reaction detection tubes is N, the numberof reaction detection tubes moved in one analysis cycle is M, there isno common factor other than 1 between N and M and M<N/2; and thereaction detection tubes are repeatedly moved, but the rotation of thereaction disk per analysis cycle is less than ½, and the time intervalfor the spectrophotometer as the measuring unit 4 to measure thereaction liquid in the reaction vessel becomes long, and the analyticalperformance is impaired. In contrast, according to the automaticanalysis device 100 of the present embodiment, the rotation angle of thereaction disk 1 per cycle can be freely set, so that it is possible toset the rotation angle of the reaction disk 1 for one rotation and onecycle, that is, the time interval for the spectrophotometer as themeasuring unit 4 to measure is not increased, and the specimen suctionposition 42 where the pretreated specimen is collected can be arrangedin the vicinity of the specimen discharge position 41.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possibleto provide an automatic analysis device with which sufficient reactionprocess data can be acquired irrespective of the scale of the device,and with which freedom of the device configuration can be ensured.

According to the present embodiment, a reaction vessel after theanalysis is also positioned adjacently to the reaction vessel afterevery B cycles, and the series of cleanable continuous reaction vesselsare substantially uniformly dispersed at B places on the reaction disk,so that the B places can be selected as the installation position of thecleaning mechanism, and therefore, it is very advantageous inconsidering the optimum layout.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the rotation angle of thereaction disk 1 per cycle can be freely set, so that it is possible toset the rotation angle of the reaction disk 1 for one rotation and onecycle, that is, the time interval for the spectrophotometer as themeasuring unit 4 to measure is not increased, and the specimen suctionposition 42 where the pretreated specimen is collected can be arrangedin the vicinity of the specimen discharge position 41.

Second Embodiment

FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of a controller which constitutesan automatic analysis device of a second embodiment according to anotherembodiment of the invention. FIGS. 6 and 7 are diagrams illustratingarrangements of a plurality of reaction vessels accommodated in areaction disk which constitutes the automatic analysis device of thesecond embodiment. The present embodiment is different from the firstembodiment in that a reaction disk rotation control unit 218 a of acontrol roller 21 a which constitutes an automatic analysis device 100 acontrols the reaction disk 1 such that the reaction disk 1 stops oncewhen the reaction disk 1 moves by the number A of the reaction vessels 2in one cycle. Other configurations are the same as those of the firstembodiment, and the same components as those in the first embodiment aredenoted by the same reference numerals.

As shown in FIG. 5, the controller 21 a includes the input unit 211, theinput I/F 212, the measured value acquisition unit 213, the specimendispensing mechanism control unit 214, the reagent dispensing mechanismcontrol unit 215, the storage unit 216, the specimen transport mechanismcontrol unit 217, the reaction disk rotation control unit 218 a, thestirring mechanism control unit 219, the cleaning mechanism control unit220, the analysis item concentration calculation unit 221, the outputunit 222, and the output I/F 223. These units are connected to oneanother via the internal bus 224. The measured value acquisition unit213, the specimen dispensing mechanism control unit 214, the reagentdispensing mechanism control unit 215, the specimen transport mechanismcontrol unit 217, the reaction disk rotation control unit 218 a, thestirring mechanism control unit 219, the cleaning mechanism control unit220, and the analysis item concentration calculation unit 221 arerealized by, for example, a processor such as a central processing unit(CPU) (not shown), a ROM storing various programs, a RAM temporarilystoring data of calculation process, and a storage device such as anexternal storage device; and the processor such as the CPU reads andexecutes various programs stored in the ROM, and stores the calculationresult, which is the execution result, in the RAM or the externalstorage device. In the present embodiment, for convenience ofdescription, the measured value acquisition unit 213, the specimendispensing mechanism control unit 214, the reagent dispensing mechanismcontrol unit 215, the specimen transport mechanism control unit 217, thereaction disk rotation control unit 218, the stirring mechanism controlunit 219, the cleaning mechanism control unit 220, and the analysis itemconcentration calculation unit 221 are shown in different functionalbooks, but a functional block as a control unit of any desiredcombination of these units may be configured to execute a plurality ofprograms for realizing each function of the control unit.

The input unit 211 is configured by, for example, a pointing device, akeyboard, or a tablet. Parameters such as the type of a specimen, ananalysis item, a dispensing amount (liquid amount) of the specimen and areagent according to the analysis item, and the number A (whereN>A>N/B+1) of the reaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle or the number ofcycles B (where B>2) described above are set in advance by an uppercontroller (not shown), and are stored in a predetermined storage areaof the storage unit 216. The parameters stored in the storage unit 216may be changed by the user (examination engineer) via the input unit211. In this case, when the input unit 211 receives a change in theparameter described above, the changed parameter is stored in apredetermined storage area of the storage unit 216 via the input I/F 212and the internal bus 224. In addition, the number A (where N>A>N/B+1) ofthe reaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle or the number of cycles B(where B>2) is transferred to the reaction disk rotation control unit218 a via the internal bus 224.

Based on the number A (where N>A>N/B+1) of the reaction vessels 2 movedin one cycle or the number of cycles B (where B>2) transferred via theinternal bus 224 and the total number N of the reaction vessels 2accommodated in the reaction disk 1 which is already known, where therelationship A×B=N×C±1 is satisfied, N and A are mutually prime, and Band C are mutually prime, the reaction disk rotation control unit 218 aobtains C and A or B. Here, as in the first embodiment, as an example,the total number N of the reaction vessels 2 accommodated in thereaction disk 1 is 28, and it is obtained that the number A (whereN>A>N/B+1) of reaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle is 17, the number ofcycles B (where B>2) is 5, and the number of rotations C (where C>1) is3. The reaction disk rotation control unit 218 a divides the number A ofthe reaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle into two by setting the numberA (where N>A>N/B+1) of the reaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle asA=A1+A2. Hereinafter, the case where A1=9 and A2=8 will be described asan example. The reaction disk rotation control unit 218 a stores theobtained number A (A=A1+A2) of the reaction vessels 2 moved in onecycle, the number of cycles B, and the number of rotations C in thestorage unit 216. In addition, the reaction disk rotation control unit218 a outputs 9 and 8 obtained by dividing 17 which is the obtainednumber A (where N>A>N/B+1) of the reaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle,that is, outputs a control signal (control command) corresponding to apitch number 9, to a stepping motor or a pulse motor which rotationallydrives the reaction disk 1 via the output I/F 223, and then, outputs acontrol signal (control command) corresponding to a pitch number 8 tothe stepping motor or the pulse motor which rotationally drives thereaction disk 1 via the output I/F 223.

The measured value acquisition unit 213 acquires the measured value ofthe absorbance measured by the spectrophotometer as the measuring unit4, performs processing such as AD conversion and/or smoothing (noiseremoval), and stores the measured value in a predetermined storage areaof the storage unit 216 via the internal bus 224.

In addition to the type of the specimen, the analysis item, thedispensing amount (liquid amount) of the specimen and the reagentaccording to the analysis item, the number A (A=A1+A2) of the reactionvessels 2 moved in one cycle, the number of cycles B and the number ofrotations C obtained by reaction disk rotation control unit 218 a, andthe measured value of absorbance after processing such as the ADconversion and/or the smoothing (noise removal) by the measured valueacquisition unit 213 described above, the storage unit 216 stores acalibration curve indicating the relationship between the absorbance setin advance and a concentration value of the analysis item.

The specimen transport mechanism control unit 217 outputs a controlsignal (control command) to the specimen transport mechanism 17 via theoutput I/F 223, so that the rack 16, on which a plurality of thespecimen vessels 15 accommodating the specimen is mounted, istransported to a position (desired position) where the suction by thespecimen dispensing mechanism 11 can be performed.

The specimen dispensing mechanism control unit 214 accesses the storageunit 216, reads the type of the specimen, the analysis item, thedispensing amount (liquid amount) of the specimen according to theanalysis item, and outputs a stroke amount of a syringe pumpcorresponding to the dispensing amount (liquid amount) of the specimento the specimen pump 18 c connected to the specimen dispensing mechanism11 via the output I/F 223 as the control signal (control command). Inaddition, the specimen dispensing mechanism control unit 214 performscontrol so that the specimen nozzle 11 a which constitutes the specimendispensing mechanism 11 is operated to draw a circular arc toward thespecimen vessel 15 to suck a predetermined amount of specimen, and thento draw a circular arc toward the reaction vessel 2 to discharge thespecimens.

The reagent dispensing mechanism control unit 215 accesses the storageunit 216, reads a dispensing amount (liquid amount) of the first reagentand the second reagent according to the analysis item, and outputs thestroke amount of the syringe pump corresponding to the dispensing amount(liquid amount) of the first reagent and the second reagent to thespecimen pump 18 a connected to the reagent dispensing mechanism 7 viathe output I/F 223 as the control signal (control command). In addition,the reagent dispensing mechanism control unit 215 performs control sothat the reagent nozzle 7 a which constitutes the reagent dispensingmechanism 7 is operated to draw an circular arc toward the reagentbottle 10 to suck a predetermined amount of the first reagent or thesecond reagent, and then to draw a circular arc toward the reactionvessel 2 positioned at a first reagent discharge position 53 todischarge the first reagent, and toward the reaction vessel 2 positionedat a second reagent discharge position 54 to discharge the secondreagent.

The stirring mechanism control unit 219 outputs a control signal(control command) to the stirring mechanism 5 via the output I/F 223 soas to stir, with a predetermined stirring intensity, a reaction liquidwhich is the mixture of the specimen and the first reagent, or thereaction liquid which is a mixture of the specimen, the first reagentand the second reagent in the reaction vessel 2 positioned at the firststirring position 55 or the second stirring position 56.

The analysis item concentration calculation unit 221 accesses thestorage unit 216 to obtain the concentration value of the analysis itemof the specimen based on the measured value of absorbance and thecalibration curve, and outputs the obtained concentration value of theanalysis item of the specimen to the output unit 222 configured by adisplay device or a printer.

The cleaning mechanism control unit 220 outputs a drive command to thecleaning pump 20 and the vacuum pump 22 connected to the cleaningmechanism 3 via the output I/F 223 as the control signal, so that thereaction liquid in the reaction vessel 2 accommodating the reactionliquid that has been measured is sucked by the vacuum pump 22, and thereaction vessel 2 is cleaned by the cleaning pump 20.

Next, the operation of the automatic analysis device 100 a of thepresent embodiment will be described with the arrangement of a pluralityof reaction vessels 2 accommodated in the reaction disk 1.

As shown in the first embodiment, in FIG. 6, 28 reaction vessels 2-1 to2-28 are accommodated in the reaction disk 1 while being spaced apartfrom each other at predetermined intervals along a circumferentialdirection (circumferentially). Similarly, as shown by an arrow, thereaction disk 1 is repeatedly rotated and stopped by 17 reaction vessels2 clockwise in one cycle, 17×5=85 for the reaction vessels 2 in fivecycles, that is, the total number of reaction vessels 2 which is 28×3circles+an amount equivalent to one reaction vessel 2=85, and thereaction disk 1 is stopped at a position moving through 3 rotations+anamount equivalent to one reaction vessel 2 after five cycles. However,based on the state shown in FIG. 6, the automatic analysis device 100 astops once after the reaction disk 1 moves by an amount equivalent to 9(A1) reaction vessels clockwise, and this state is shown in FIG. 7.After that, the reaction disk 1 moves by an amount equivalent to theremained 8 (A2) reaction vessels and stops, and the operation of anamount equivalent to one cycle is completed.

As shown in the upper drawing of FIG. 6, the reagent dispensingmechanism 11 sucks the type of the specimen, the analysis item, thedispensing amount (liquid amount) of the specimen according to theanalysis item from the specimen dispensing mechanism control unit 214which constitutes the controller 21 a (FIG. 5) from the specimen vessel15 or the reaction vessel 2-2 positioned at the specimen suctionposition 42. When the specimen dispensing mechanism 11 discharges thespecimen to the reaction vessel 2-1 positioned (stopped) at the specimendischarge position 41, the reagent dispensing mechanism 7 sucks thereagent from the reagent bottle 10 accommodated in the reagent disk 9,and discharges the reagent to the reaction vessel 2-8 of cycle [8]positioned at the first reagent discharge position 53 and/or thereaction vessel 2-9 of cycle [13] positioned at the second reagentdischarge position 54. During this time, the reaction vessel 2-18 ofcycle [2] positioned at a first stirring position 55 and/or the reactionvessel 2-19 of cycle [7] positioned (stopped) at a second stirringposition 56 are stirred by the stirring mechanism 5 based on apredetermined stirring intensity from the stirring mechanism controlunit 219 which constitutes the controller 21 a. In addition, as shown inFIG. 4 in the first embodiment described above, assuming that thereaction vessel 2 can be cleaned from cycle [19], as shown by the blackcircle in the lower drawing of FIG. 6, it is possible to arrange thecleaning mechanism 3 at a position where it is easy to lay out thecleaning mechanism 3 from among cycle [21] and cycle [26], cycle [23]and cycle [28], cycle [20] and cycle [25], cycle [22] and cycle [27],and cycle [19] and cycle [24]. That is, the adjacent positions where thereaction vessel can be cleaned by the cleaning mechanism 3 in two cyclesapart by five cycles are substantially uniformly dispersed at B places(five places), so that an installation position of the cleaningmechanism 3 can be selected from the B places (five places), andtherefore, it is very advantageous in considering the optimum layout. Inthe present embodiment, as shown in the upper drawing of FIG. 6, thecleaning mechanism 3 is disposed at the positions of the reaction vessel2-5 of cycle [21] positioned (stopped) at a cleaning position 61 and thereaction vessel 2-6 of cycle [26] positioned (stopped) at a cleaningposition 62, so as to clean the reaction vessel 2-5 and the reactionvessel 2-6.

FIG. 7 shows a state where the reaction disk 1 moves by an amountequivalent to 9 (A1) reaction vessels clockwise and stops based on thecontrol signal (control command) from the reaction disk rotation controlunit 218 a (FIG. 5) at a stage when the specimen dispensing mechanism11, the reagent dispensing mechanism 7, the stirring mechanism 5, andthe cleaning mechanism 3 finished processing such as dispensing for eachreaction vessel 2. In the present embodiment, as in the firstembodiment, the reaction vessels 2 are continuously arranged every Bcycles (five cycles) in B divided blocks (five divided blocks), so thatwhen the reaction disk 1 stops halfway, the peripheries of the specimendispensing mechanism 11, the reagent dispensing mechanism 7, thestirring mechanism 5, and the cleaning mechanism 3 can be provided witha reaction vessel which can be newly dispensed, stirred, and cleaned.Specifically, the reaction vessel 2-20 of cycle [12] stops at thespecimen discharge position 41, and the reaction vessel 2-21 of cycle[17] stops at the specimen suction position 42. In addition, thereaction vessel 2-19 of cycle [7] stops at a specimen suction position48 which is next to the specimen suction position 41 in acounterclockwise direction. Therefore, the specimen dispensing mechanism11 can suck the pretreated specimen from any one of three positions ofthe specimen discharge position 41, the specimen suction position 42,and the specimen suction position 48, or suck the specimen from thespecimen vessel 15, and can discharge the pretreated specimen or thespecimen in the specimen vessel 15 to the reaction vessel 2 stopped atthe specimen discharge position 41 in the next cycle.

The reagent dispensing mechanism 7 sucks the dispensing amount (liquidamount) of the reagent according to the analysis item from the reagentdispensing mechanism control unit 215 (FIG. 5) from the reagent bottle10 accommodated in the reagent disk 9, and discharges the reagent to thereaction vessel 2-1 of cycle [1] positioned (stopped) at positioned at afirst reagent discharge position 51 and/or the reaction vessel 2-2 ofcycle [6] positioned (stopped) at a second reagent discharge position 52which is further next to the first reagent discharge position 51clockwise. Here, as apparent from the comparison between the upperdrawing of FIG. 6 and the upper drawing of FIG. 7, the first reagentdischarge position 51 in the upper drawing of FIG. 7 is positionedclockwise next to the second reagent discharge position 54 in the upperdrawing of FIG. 6. The lower drawing of FIG. 7 shows that the reactiondisk 1 moves by an amount equivalent to A1 (9) reaction vessels and thenstopped once during the reaction disk 1 moving by A (17) reactionvessels 2 in one cycle. For convenience, the number of cycles shown inparentheses is indicated by a dash. However, in the lower drawing ofFIG. 6 and the lower drawing of FIG. 7, position numbers of reactionvessels 1 to 28 when the specimen dispensing position is 1 are indicatedin the same manner. When the lower drawing of these FIG. 6 and the lowerdrawing of FIG. 7 are compared, it can be seen that the first reagentdispensing position in the lower drawing of FIG. 7 is positionedclockwise next to the second reagent dispensing position in the lowerdrawing of FIG. 6.

During this time, the reaction vessel 2-9 of cycle [13] positioned(stopped) at the first stirring position 55 and/or the reaction vessel2-8 of cycle [8] positioned (stopped) at a second stirring position 57which is next to the first stirring position 55 in the counterclockwisedirection are stirred by the stirring mechanism 5 based on apredetermined stirring intensity from the stirring mechanism controlunit 219.

In addition, as shown by the black circles in the lower drawing of FIG.7, it is possible to arrange a cleaning mechanism 111 at a positionwhere it is easy to lay out the cleaning mechanism from among cycle [22]and cycle [27], cycle [19] and cycle [24], cycle [21] and cycle [26],cycle [23] and cycle [28], and cycle [20] and cycle [25]. In the upperdrawing of FIG. 7, the cleaning mechanism 111 is disposed so as toaccess the reaction vessel 2-22 of cycle [22] positioned (stopped) at acleaning position 63 and the reaction vessel 2-23 of cycle [27]positioned (stopped) at a cleaning position 64.

The cleaning mechanism 3 shown in FIG. 6 and the cleaning mechanism 111shown in FIG. 7 may be movable by the same object, or one or both ofthem may be disposed. In addition, a plurality of cleaning mechanismsmay be dispersedly disposed at positions where the reaction vessels 2can be cleaned shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.

In this way, by rotating the reaction disk 1 twice and stopping for oncein one cycle, the suction of specimens, the discharge of the reagent,the stirring of the reagent, and the cleaning can be performed for aplurality of times. In FIGS. 6 and 7, one specimen dispensing mechanism11, one reagent dispensing mechanism 7, one stirring mechanism 5, andone cleaning mechanism are provided, but a plurality of each kind ofmechanisms may be disposed in order to improve the processing capacityand the cleaning power.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, in addition tothe effects of the first embodiment, by rotating the divided reactiondisk 1 twice and stopping for once in one cycle, the suction ofspecimens, the discharge of the reagent, the stirring of the reagent,and the cleaning can be performed for a plurality of times.

Third Embodiment

FIG. 8 is a functional block diagram of a controller which constitutesan automatic analysis device according to a third embodiment accordingto another embodiment of the invention. FIGS. 9 to 11 are diagramsillustrating arrangements of a plurality of reaction vesselsaccommodated in a reaction disk which constitutes the automatic analysisdevice of the third embodiment. The present embodiment is different fromthe first embodiment in that a reaction disk rotation control unit 218 bof a control roller 21 b which constitutes an automatic analysis device100 b controls the reaction disk 1 such that the reaction disk 1 stopstwice when the reaction disk 1 moves by the number A of the reactionvessels 2 in one cycle. Other configurations are the same as those ofthe first embodiment, and the same components as those in the firstembodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

As shown in FIG. 8, the controller 21 b of the present embodimentincludes the input unit 211, the input I/F 212, the measured valueacquisition unit 213, the specimen dispensing mechanism control unit214, the reagent dispensing mechanism control unit 215, the storage unit216, the specimen transport mechanism control unit 217, the reactiondisk rotation control unit 218 b, the stirring mechanism control unit219, the cleaning mechanism control unit 220, the analysis itemconcentration calculation unit 221, the output unit 222, and the outputI/F 223. These units are connected to one another via the internal bus224. The measured value acquisition unit 213, the specimen dispensingmechanism control unit 214, the reagent dispensing mechanism controlunit 215, the specimen transport mechanism control unit 217, thereaction disk rotation control unit 218 b, the stirring mechanismcontrol unit 219, the cleaning mechanism control unit 220, and theanalysis item concentration calculation unit 221 are realized by, forexample, a processor such as a central processing unit (CPU) (notshown), a ROM storing various programs, a RAM temporarily storing dataof calculation process, and a storage device such as an external storagedevice; and the processor such as the CPU reads and executes variousprograms stored in the ROM, and stores the calculation result, which isthe execution result, in the RAM or the external storage device. In thepresent embodiment, for convenience of description, the measured valueacquisition unit 213, the specimen dispensing mechanism control unit214, the reagent dispensing mechanism control unit 215, the specimentransport mechanism control unit 217, the reaction disk rotation controlunit 218 b, the stirring mechanism control unit 219, the cleaningmechanism control unit 220, and the analysis item concentrationcalculation unit 221 are shown indifferent functional books, but afunctional block as a control unit of any desired combination of theseunits may be configured to execute a plurality of programs for realizingeach function of the control unit.

The input unit 211 is configured by, for example, a pointing device, akeyboard, or a tablet. Parameters such as the type of a specimen, ananalysis item, a dispensing amount (liquid amount) of the specimen and areagent according to the analysis item, and the number A of the reactionvessels 2 moved in one cycle (where N>A>N/B+1) or the number of cycles B(where B>2) described above are set in advance by an upper controller(not shown), and are stored in a predetermined storage area of thestorage unit 216. The parameters stored in the storage unit 216 may bechanged by the user (examination engineer) via the input unit 211. Inthis case, when the input unit 211 receives a change in the parameterdescribed above, the changed parameter is stored in a predeterminedstorage area of the storage unit 216 via the input I/F 212 and theinternal bus 224. In addition, the number A of the reaction vessels 2moved in one cycle (where N>A>N/B+1) or the number of cycles B (whereB>2) is transferred to the reaction disk rotation control unit 218 b viathe internal bus 224.

Based on the number A (where N>A>N/B+1) of the reaction vessels 2 movedin one cycle or the number of cycles B (where B>2) transferred via theinternal bus 224 and the total number N of the reaction vessels 2accommodated in the reaction disk 1 which is already known, where therelationship A×B=N×C±1 is satisfied, N and A are mutually prime, and Band C are mutually prime, the reaction disk rotation control unit 218 bobtains the relationship between C and A or B. Here, as in the firstembodiment, as an example, the total number N of the reaction vessels 2accommodated in the reaction disk 1 is 28, and it is obtained that thenumber A (where N>A>N/B+1) of reaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle is17, the number of cycles B (where B>2) is 5, and the number of rotationsC (where C>1) is 3. The reaction disk rotation control unit 218 bdivides the number A of the reaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle intothree by setting the number A (where N>A>N/B+1) of the reaction vessels2 moved in one cycle as A=A1+A2+A3. Hereinafter, the case where A1=9,A2=1, and A3=7 will be described as an example. The reaction diskrotation control unit 218 b stores the number A (A=A1+A2+A3) of thereaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle, the number of cycles B, and thenumber of rotations C in the storage unit 216. In addition, the reactiondisk rotation control unit 218 b outputs 9, 1, and 7 obtained bydividing 17 which is the number A (where N>A>N/B+1) of the reactionvessels 2 moved in one cycle, that is, outputs a control signal (controlcommand) corresponding to a pitch number 9, to a stepping motor or apulse motor which rotationally drives the reaction disk 1 via the outputI/F 223, and then outputs a control signal (control command)corresponding to a pitch number 1 to the stepping motor or the pulsemotor which rotationally drives the reaction disk 1 via the output I/F223, and further outputs a control signal (control command)corresponding to a pitch number 7 to the stepping motor or the pulsemotor which rotationally drives the reaction disk 1 via the output I/F223.

The measured value acquisition unit 213 acquires the measured value ofthe absorbance measured by the spectrophotometer as the measuring unit4, performs processing such as AD conversion and/or smoothing (noiseremoval), and stores the measured value in a predetermined storage areaof the storage unit 216 via the internal bus 224.

In addition to the type of the specimen, the analysis item, thedispensing amount (liquid amount) of the specimen and the reagentaccording to the analysis item, the number A (A=A1+A2+A3) of thereaction vessels 2 moved in one cycle, the number of cycles B and thenumber of rotations C obtained by reaction disk rotation control unit218 b, and the measured value of absorbance after processing such as theAD conversion and/or the smoothing (noise removal) by the measured valueacquisition unit 213 described above, the storage unit 216 stores acalibration curve showing the relationship between the absorbance set inadvance and a concentration value of the analysis item.

The specimen transport mechanism control unit 217 outputs a controlsignal (control command) to the specimen transport mechanism. 17 via theoutput I/F 223, so that the rack 16, on which a plurality of thespecimen vessels 15 accommodating the specimen is mounted, istransported to a position (desired position) where the suction by thespecimen dispensing mechanism 11 can be performed.

The specimen dispensing mechanism control unit 214 accesses the storageunit 216, reads the type of the specimen, the analysis item, thedispensing amount (liquid amount) of the specimen according to theanalysis item, and outputs a stroke amount of a syringe pumpcorresponding to the dispensing amount (liquid amount) of the specimento the specimen pump 18 c connected to the specimen dispensing mechanism11 via the output I/F 223 as the control signal (control command). Inaddition, the specimen dispensing mechanism control unit 214 performscontrol so that after the specimen nozzle 11 a which constitutes thespecimen dispensing mechanism 11 is operated to draw a circular arctoward the specimen vessel 15 to suck a predetermined amount ofspecimen, and then to draw a circular arc toward the reaction vessel 2to discharge the specimens.

The reagent dispensing mechanism control unit 215 accesses the storageunit 216, reads a dispensing amount (liquid amount) of the firstreagent, the second reagent, and a third reagent according to theanalysis item, and outputs a stroke amount of the syringe pumpcorresponding to the dispensing amount (liquid amount) of the firstreagent, the second reagent, and the third reagent to the specimen pump18 a connected to the reagent dispensing mechanism 7 via the output I/F223 as the control signal (control command). In addition, the reagentdispensing mechanism control unit 215 performs control so that thereagent nozzle 7 a which constitutes the reagent dispensing mechanism 7is operated to draw an circular arc toward the reagent bottle 10 to sucka predetermined amount of the first reagent, the second reagent, and thethird reagent, and then to draw a circular arc toward the reactionvessel 2 positioned at a first reagent discharge position 71 todischarge the first reagent, toward the reaction vessel 2 positioned ata second reagent discharge position 72 to discharge the second reagent,and toward the reaction vessel 2 positioned at a third reagent dischargeposition 73 to discharge the third reagent.

The stirring mechanism control unit 219 outputs a control signal(control command) to a stirring mechanism 115 via the output I/F 223 soas to stir a reaction liquid in the reaction vessel 2 positioned at astirring position 75 with a predetermined stirring intensity.

The analysis item concentration calculation unit 221 accesses thestorage unit 216 to obtain the concentration value of the analysis itemof the specimen based on the measured value of absorbance and thecalibration curve, and outputs the obtained concentration value of theanalysis item of the specimen to the output unit 222 configured by adisplay device or a printer.

The cleaning mechanism control unit 220 outputs a drive command to thecleaning pump 20 and the vacuum pump 22 connected to the cleaningmechanism 3, the cleaning mechanism 111, and the cleaning mechanism 112via the output I/F 223 as the control signal, so that the reactionliquid in the reaction vessel 2 accommodating the reaction liquid thathas been measured is sucked by the vacuum pump 22, and the reactionvessel 2 is cleaned by the cleaning pump 20.

Next, the operation of the automatic analysis device 100 b of thepresent embodiment will be described with the arrangement of a pluralityof reaction vessels 2 accommodated in the reaction disk 1.

As shown in the first embodiment, in FIG. 9, 28 reaction vessels 2-1 to2-28 are accommodated in the reaction disk 1 while being spaced apartfrom each other at predetermined intervals along a circumferentialdirection (circumferentially). Similarly, as shown by an arrow, thereaction disk 1 is repeatedly rotated and stopped by 17 reaction vessels2 clockwise in one cycle, 17×5=85 for the reaction vessels 2 in fivecycles, that is, the total number of reaction vessels 2 which is 28×3circles+an amount equivalent to one reaction vessel 2=85, and thereaction disk 1 is stopped at a position moving through 3 rotations+anamount equivalent to one reaction vessel 2 after five cycles. However,based on the state shown in FIG. 9, the automatic analysis device 100 bstops once after the reaction disk 1 moves by an amount equivalent to 9(A1) reaction vessels clockwise, and this state is shown in FIG. 10.After that, the reaction disk 1 moves by an amount equivalent to 1 (A2)reaction vessel clockwise and stops, and this state is shown in FIG. 11.Further, after that, the reaction disk 1 moves by an amount equivalentto 7 (A3) reaction vessels and stops, and the operation of one cycle iscompleted. As shown in FIG. 9, the reaction vessels 2 on the reactiondisk 1 is divided into B (divided into 5) based on stop positions of thereaction vessel of cycle [1] to cycle [5], and the reaction vessels 2are arranged adjacently in a clockwise direction by every B cycles (B=5)from the reaction vessels of cycles [1] to [5]. There are a first block101 starts from cycle [1], a second block 102 starts from cycle [2], athird block 103 starts from cycle [3], a fourth block 104 starts fromcycle [4], and a fifth block 105 starts from cycle [5].

As shown in FIG. 9, the reagent dispensing mechanism 11 sucks the typeof the specimen, the analysis item, the dispensing amount (liquidamount) of the specimen according to the analysis item from the specimendispensing mechanism control unit 214 (FIG. 8) from the specimen vessel15 or the reaction vessel 2-2 positioned (stopped) at the specimensuction position 42. When the specimen dispensing mechanism 11discharges the sucked specimen to the reaction vessel 2-1 positioned(stopped) at the specimen discharge position 41, the stirring mechanism115 is positioned at a stirring position 75 separated from the specimendischarge position 41 by 17 (A) reaction vessels which is a movingdistance in one cycle of the reaction disk 1 clockwise in a rotationaldirection of the reaction disk 1, and stirs the reaction vessel 2-18 ofcycle [2] in which the first reagent is dispensed in the previous cycleat this position. The stirring mechanism 115 in the present embodimenttakes a fixed form in which the reaction liquid, which is a mixture ofthe specimen and the reagent in the reaction vessel 2, is stirred in anoncontact manner by an acoustic wave transmitted by an ultrasonicelement, and the reaction liquid is only stirred at the stirringposition 75.

As shown in FIG. 9, the reagent dispensing mechanism 7 sucks the secondreagent from the reagent bottle 10 accommodated in the reagent disk 9and discharges the second reagent to the reaction vessel 2-8 of cycle[8] positioned (stopped) at the second reagent discharge position 72, orsucks the third reagent from the reagent bottle 10 and discharges thethird reagent to the reaction vessel 2-9 of cycle [13] positioned(stopped) at the third reagent discharge position 73. The second reagentdischarge position 72 and the third reagent discharge position 73 arepositioned in the third block 103, which is different from the firstblock 101 in which the specimen discharge position 41 is positioned, orthe fifth block 105 in which the stirring mechanism 115 is positioned,which are blocks between the first block 101 and the fifth block 105 inthe clockwise direction, which is the rotational direction of thereaction disk 1. That is, the second reagent discharge position 72 andthe third reagent discharge position 73 are positioned near asubstantial center between the specimen discharge position 41 and areagent stirring position 75. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4 in thefirst embodiment described above, assuming that the reaction vessel 2can be cleaned from cycle [19], it is possible to arrange the cleaningmechanism 3 at a position where it is easy to lay out the cleaningmechanism 3 from among cycle [21] and cycle [26] in the first block 101,cycle [23] and cycle [28] in the third block 103, cycle [20] and cycle[25] in the fifth block 105, cycle [22] and cycle [27] in the secondblock 102, and cycle [19] and cycle [24] in the fourth block 104. In theexample shown in FIG. 9, the cleaning mechanism 3 cleans the reactionvessel 2-5 of cycle [21] positioned (stopped) at the cleaning position61 and cleans the reaction vessel 2-6 of cycle [26] positioned (stopped)at the cleaning position 62.

FIG. 10 shows a state where the reaction disk 1 moves by an amountequivalent to 9 (A1) reaction vessels and stops based on the controlsignal (control command) from the reaction disk rotation control unit218 b (FIG. 8) at the stage when the specimen dispensing mechanism 11,the reagent dispensing mechanism 7, the stirring mechanism 5, and thecleaning mechanism 3 finished processing such as dispensing for eachreaction vessel 2. The reaction vessel 2-9 of cycle [13] positioned(stopped) at the third reagent discharge position 73 close to thestirring position 75 stops at the stirring position 75 by moving by theamount equivalent to 9 (A1) reaction vessels. Here, when the reagent isadded to the reaction vessel 2-9 of cycle [13], the reaction liquid,which is the mixture of the specimen and the reagent, is stirred by thestirring mechanism 115 based on a predetermined stirring intensity fromthe stirring mechanism control unit 219. The reagent dispensingmechanism 7 sucks the reagent from the reagent bottle 10 accommodated inthe reagent disk 9, and discharges the reagent to the reaction vessel2-1 of cycle [1] positioned (stopped) at the first reagent dischargeposition 71. As shown in FIG. 9, the second reagent discharge position72 and the third reagent discharge position 73 are positioned near asubstantial center between the specimen discharge position 41 and thestirring position 75, and therefore the moving amount of the reactiondisk 1 from the second reagent discharge position 72 and the thirdreagent discharge position 73 to the stirring position 75 isapproximately half the moving distance of the reaction disk 1 in onecycle. That is, since the reaction vessel 2-1, to which the specimen isdispensed by the specimen dispensing mechanism 11, inevitably stops nearthe second reagent discharge position 72 and the third reagent dischargeposition 73, it is possible to easily access the first reagent dischargeposition 71 and discharge the reagent by using the reagent dispensingmechanism 7 having an articulated robot arm such as an XY movementmechanism or a θ-θ mechanism, and without using a plurality of reagentdispensing mechanisms.

In FIG. 10, the reaction vessel 2-20 of cycle [12] is positioned(stopped) at the specimen discharge position 41, the reaction vessel2-21 of cycle [17] is positioned (stopped) at the specimen suctionposition 42, and the reaction vessel 2-19 of cycle [7] is positioned(stopped) at the specimen suction position 48 which is next to thespecimen suction position 41 in a counterclockwise direction. Therefore,the specimen dispensing mechanism 11 can suck the pretreated specimenfrom any one of three positions of the specimen discharge position 41,the specimen suction position 42, and the specimen suction position 48,or suck the specimen from the specimen vessel 15, and can discharge thepretreated specimen or the specimen in the specimen vessel 15 at thespecimen discharge position 41 in the next cycle.

It is possible to arrange the cleaning mechanism 111 at a position whereit is easy to lay out the cleaning mechanism from among cycle [21] andcycle [26] in the first block 101, cycle [23] and cycle [28] in thethird block 103, cycle [20] and cycle [25] in the fifth block 105, cycle[22] and cycle [27] in the second block 102, and cycle [19] and cycle[24] in the fourth block 104. In FIG. 10, the cleaning mechanism 111 isdisposed so as to clean the reaction vessel 2-22 of cycle [22]positioned (stopped) at the cleaning position 63 and the reaction vessel2-23 of cycle [27] positioned (stopped) at the cleaning position 64.

FIG. 11 shows a state where the reaction disk 1 moves by an amountequivalent to one (A2) reaction vessel and stops based on the controlsignal (control command) from the reaction disk rotation control unit218 b (FIG. 8) at the stage when the specimen dispensing mechanism 11,the reagent dispensing mechanism 7, the stirring mechanism 115, and thecleaning mechanism 111 (FIG. 10) finished processing such as dispensingfor each reaction vessel 2. The reaction vessel 2-8 of cycle [8] (FIG.9), to which the reagent is dispensed at the second reagent dischargeposition 72 farther than the third reagent discharge position 73 withrespect to the stirring position 75, stops at the stirring position 75by moving the reaction disk 1 by the amount equivalent to one (A2)reaction vessel clockwise. Here, when the reagent is added to thereaction vessel 2-8 of cycle [8], the reaction liquid, which is themixture of the specimen and the reagent, is stirred by the stirringmechanism 115 based on a predetermined stirring intensity from thestirring mechanism control unit 219.

When the reagent dispensing mechanism 7 is more convenient to dischargethe first reagent to the reagent discharge position 76 at which thereaction vessel 2-1 of cycle [1] is positioned (stopped) than to thefirst reagent discharge position 71 in FIG. 10, instead of the timing ofFIG. 10, the reagent may be sucked from the reagent bottle 10accommodated in the reagent disk 9, and the sucked reagent may bedischarged to the reaction vessel 2-1 positioned (stopped) at thereagent discharge position 76 of FIG. 11. The reaction vessel 2-19 ofcycle [7] is positioned (stopped) at the specimen discharge position 41,the reaction vessel 2-20 of cycle [12] is positioned (stopped) at thespecimen suction position 42, and the reaction vessel 2-18 of cycle [2]is positioned (stopped) at the specimen suction position 48 which isnext to the specimen suction position 41 in the counterclockwisedirection. Therefore, in the state of FIG. 10, when the specimen is notsucked, the specimen dispensing mechanism 11 can suck the pretreatedspecimen from any one of three positions of the specimen dischargeposition 41, the specimen suction position 42, and the specimen suctionposition 48, or suck the specimen from the specimen vessel 15, and candischarge the pretreated specimen or the specimen in the specimen vessel15 at the specimen discharge position 41 in the next cycle.

It is possible to arrange a cleaning mechanism 112 at a position whereit is easy to lay out the cleaning mechanism 112 from among cycle [21]and cycle [26] in the first block 101, cycle [23] and cycle [28] in thethird block 103, cycle [20] and cycle [25] in the fifth block 105, cycle[22] and cycle [27] in the second block 102, and cycle [19] and cycle[24] in the fourth block 104. In FIG. 11, the cleaning mechanism 112 isdisposed so as to clean the reaction vessel 2-22 of cycle [22]positioned (stopped) at a cleaning position 65 and the reaction vessel2-23 of cycle [27] positioned (stopped) at a cleaning position 66.

The cleaning mechanism 3 shown in FIG. 9, the cleaning mechanism 111shown in FIG. 10, and the cleaning mechanism 112 shown in FIG. 11 may bemovable by the same object, or one or two or all of them may bedisposed. In addition, a plurality of cleaning mechanisms may bedispersedly disposed at positions where the reaction vessels 2 can becleaned shown in FIGS. 9, 10, and 11.

In the present embodiment, since one stirring mechanism 115 is provided,measurement time and unit layout can be optimized when the reactionliquid which is the mixture of the specimen and the reagent is stirredat only one position.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, in addition tothe effects of the first embodiment, the measurement time of thereaction vessel can be freely set by the minimum mechanism, and thefreedom of the device configuration can be optimized.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, andincludes various modifications. For example, the embodiments describedabove are described in detail for easy understanding of the invention,and the invention is not necessarily limited to those including all theconfigurations described above. In addition, a part of the configurationof a certain embodiment can be replaced with the configuration ofanother embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can beadded to the configuration of a certain embodiment.

REFERENCE SIGN LIST

-   1: reaction disk-   2: reaction vessel-   2-1 to 2-28: reaction vessel-   3, 111, 112: cleaning mechanism-   4: measuring unit-   5, 115: stirring mechanism-   7: reagent dispensing mechanism-   7 a: reagent nozzle-   9: reagent disk-   10: reagent bottle-   11: specimen dispensing mechanism-   11 a: specimen nozzle-   13, 30, 32: cleaning tank-   15: specimen vessel-   16: rack-   17: specimen transport mechanism-   18 a: reagent pump-   18 c: specimen pump-   20: cleaning pump-   21, 21 a, 21 b: controller-   22: vacuum pump-   41: specimen discharge position-   42, 48: specimen suction position-   43, 51, 53, 71: first reagent dispensing position-   44, 52, 54, 72: second reagent dispensing position-   45, 55: first stirring position-   46, 56, 57: second stirring position-   47: absorbance measurement position-   61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66: cleaning position-   73: third reagent discharge position-   75: stirring position-   76: reagent discharge position-   100, 100 a, 100 b: automatic analysis device-   101: first block-   102: second block-   103: third block-   104: fourth block-   105: fifth block-   211: input unit-   212: input I/F-   213: measured value acquisition unit-   214: specimen dispensing mechanism control unit-   215: reagent dispensing mechanism control unit-   216: storage unit-   217: specimen transport mechanism control unit-   218, 218 a, 218 b: reaction disk rotation control unit-   219: stirring mechanism control unit-   220: cleaning mechanism control unit-   221: analysis item concentration calculation unit-   222: output unit-   223: output I/F-   224: internal bus

1. An automatic analysis device, comprising: a reaction disk whichaccommodates a plurality of reaction vessels capable of accommodating adispensed specimen and reagent such that the reaction vessels are spacedapart from each other at predetermined intervals circumferentially; aspecimen dispensing mechanism which dispenses a predetermined amount ofthe specimen into the reaction vessel; a reagent dispensing mechanismwhich dispenses a predetermined amount of the reagent into the reactionvessel; a measuring unit which measures a reaction liquid during areaction process and/or after reaction of a mixture of the specimen andthe reagent in the reaction vessel; a cleaning mechanism which cleansthe reaction vessel after measurement; and a controller which controlsdrive of the reaction disk such that in one cycle the reaction vesselsmove by an amount A in a circumferential direction in such a way that Nand A are mutually prime, B and C are mutually prime, and a relationshipA×B=N×C±1 holds, where N is a total number of reaction vesselsaccommodated in the reaction disk, the reaction disk moves through C(where C>1) rotations+an amount equivalent to one reaction vessel afterB (where B>2) cycles, and the number of reaction vessels moved in onecycle is A (where N>A>N/B+1). 2-10. (canceled)